Classification of klystrons

Classification of high quality the klystrons  

The klystron is a microwave electron tube that uses periodic modulation of the electron beam velocity to achieve oscillation or amplification. It first modulates the velocity of the electron beam in the input cavity, and then transforms it into a density modulation after drifting, and then the clustered electron blocks exchange energy with the microwave field in the gap of the output cavity, and the electrons give the kinetic energy to the microwave field to complete the oscillation or amplification .
In high quality The klystron, the signal electric field input to the cavity slit modulates the electron velocity, and forms a density modulation in the electron beam after drifting; the density-modulated electron beam performs energy conversion with the microwave field output from the cavity slit, and the electron transfers the kinetic energy to  high quality the klystron. The microwave field completes the function of amplification or oscillation.
In 1937, American physicists Varian, R.H. and S.F. Varian produced a dual-chamber klystron oscillator. The reflection klystron was successfully developed in 1940 by Soviet engineers Jievako, Daniel Jievi, Buskunovi and Kovalenko respectively.
According to the trajectory of electrons, The klystrons are divided into direct-shooting klystrons and reflective klystrons. Usually, direct-shooting klystrons are referred to as klystrons for short.
Direct shot klystron
The structure of the direct shot klystron includes the following parts: electron gun, resonant cavity, adjustment system, drift tube between each cavity, energy coupler, collector and focusing system. A klystron with two resonant cavities is called a double-cavity klystron; a klystron with more than two resonant cavities is called a multi-cavity The klystron.
double chamber klystron
A dual-cavity klystron has only two resonant cavities, an input cavity and an output cavity. The electron beam generated by the electron gun first reaches the input cavity slot. The input microwave signal is sent into the input cavity through the energy coupler, and the microwave signal voltage is formed outside the resonant cavity gap. Here, electron beams are velocity-modulated by a microwave field before entering a field-free drift tube. Electrons cluster during the drift process, forming density modulations in the electron beam. The density-modulated electron beam exchanges energy with the microwave field of the output cavity, and the electrons give energy to the microwave field to complete the function of amplification or oscillation.